Edited to fix links and to add more studies for a new total of 107 on 11 March 2014
Guest blog, compiled by Allison Hagood, Luci
Baldwin, Kathy McGrath and Nathan Boonstra and originally
published on the "
Your Baby's Best Shot" Facebook page. I am grateful for the permission to repost!
If anyone still tries to pull the "vaccines cause autism" card on you, provide them with a link to this note!
Albizzati, A., Moré, L., Di Candia, D., Saccani, M., Lenti, C.
Normal concentrations of heavy metals in autistic spectrum disorders. Minerva Pediatrica. 2012.
Feb;64(1):27-31
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22350041
Afzal, MA., Ozoemena, LC., O’Hare, A., Kidger, KA., Bentley, ML., Minor, PD.
Absence
of detectable measles virus genome sequence in blood of autistic
children who have had their MMR vaccination during the routine childhood
immunization schedule of UK. Journal Medical Virology. 2006 May;78(5):623-30.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16555271
Ahearn WH.
What Every Behavior Analyst Should Know About the "MMR Causes Autism" Hypothesis.
Archive of Behavior Analysis in Practice. 2010.
Spring;3(1):46-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22479671
Allan, GM., Ivers, N.
The autism-vaccine story: fiction and deception? Canadian Family Physician. Oct 2010; 56(10): 1013.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954080/
Andrews, N., Miller, E., Grant, A., Stowe, J., Osborn, V., & Taylor, B. (2004).
Thimerosal
exposure in infants and developmental disorders: a retrospective cohort
study in the United Kingdom does not support a causal association. Pediatrics, 114, 584-591.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15342825
Andrews, N., Miller, E., Taylor, B., Lingam, R., Simmons, A., Stowe, J., Waight, P.
Recall bias, MMR and autism. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Dec 2002; 87(6): 493–494.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1755823/pdf/v087p00493.pdf
Baird,
G., Pickles, A., Simonoff, E., Charman, T., Sullivan, P., Chandler, S.,
Loucas, T., Meldrum, D., Afzal, M., Thomas, B., Jin, L., Brown, D.
Measles vaccination and antibody response in autism spectrum disorders. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2008 Oct;93(10):832-7. doi: 10.1136/adc.2007.122937. Epub 2008 Feb 5.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18252754
Berger, BE., Navar-Boggan, AM., Omer, SB.
Congenital rubella syndrome and autism spectrum disorder prevented by rubella vaccination--United States, 2001-2010. BMC Public Health. 2011 May 19;11:340. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-340.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21592401
Black, C., Kaye, JA.
Relation
of childhood gastrointestinal disorders to autism: nested case-control
study using data from the UK General Practice Research Database. British Medical Journal. 2002; 325(7361):419-21.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.325.7361.419
Bower, H.
New research demolishes link between MMR vaccine and autism. British Medical Journal. 1999. Jun 19;318(7199):1643.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1116011/
Chen, W., Landau, S., Sham, P., & Fombonne, E. (2004).
No evidence for links between autism, MMR and measles virus. Psychological Medicine,
34(3), 543-553.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15259839
Christie, B.
Scottish expert group finds no link between MMR and autism. British Medical Journal, 2002. May 11;324(7346):1118.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1172158/
Clements, CJ., McIntyre, PB.
When science is not enough – a risk/benefit profile of thiomersal-containing vaccines. Expert Drug Opinion Safety. 2006. Jan;5(1):17-29.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16370953
Dales, L., Hammer, S. J., & Smith, N. J. (2001).
Time trends in autism and in MMR immunization coverage in California. JAMA,
285(9), 1183-1185.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11231748
De Los Reyes, EC.
Autism and immunizations: separating fact from fiction. JAMA Neurology. 2010;67(4):490-492. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.57.
http://archneur.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=799645
DeWilde, S., Carey, IM., Richards, N., Hilton, SR., Cook, DG.
Do children who become autistic consult more often after MMR vaccination? British Journal of General Practice. 2001 Mar;51(464):226-7.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1313956/
Demicheli, V., Jefferson, T., Rivetti, A., & Price, D. (2005).
Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev,
4. (a review of 31 studies)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22336803
DeStefano, F.
MMR vaccine and autism: a review of the evidence for a causal association. Molecular Psychiatry. 2002;7 Suppl 2:S51-2.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12142951
DeStefano, F., Chen, RT.
Autism and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine: No epidemiological evidence for a causal association. The Journal of Pediatrics. 2000 Jan;136(1):125.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10681219
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Age
at first measles-mumps-rubella vaccination in children with autism and
school-matched control subjects: a population-based study in
metropolitan Atlanta.
Pediatrics,
113(2), 259-266.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14754936
DeStefano F., Price CS., Weintraub, ES.
Increasing exposure to antibody-stimulating proteins and polysaccharides in vaccines is not associated with risk of autism. Journal of Pediatrics. 2013 Aug;163(2):561-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.02.001. Epub 2013 Mar 30.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23545349
DeStefano F., Thompson, WW.
MMR vaccine and autism: an update of the scientific evidence. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2004 Feb;3(1):19-22.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14761240
DeStefano F., Thompson, WW.
MMR vaccination and autism: is there a link? Expert Opinion on Drug Safety. 2002 Jul;1(2):115-20.
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DeStefano, F. Chen, RT.
Negative association between MMR and autism. Lancet. 1999 Jun 12;353(9169):1987-8.
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DeStefano, F., Chen, RT.
Autism and measles-mumps-rubella vaccination: controversy laid to rest? CNS Drugs. 2001. 2001;15(11):831-7.
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D’Souza J., Todd T.
Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and the development of autism or inflammatory bowel disease: the controversy should end. Journal of Pedatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2003 Jul;8(3):187-99. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-8.3.187.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3469143/
D’Souza, Y., Fombonne, E., Ward, BJ.
No evidence of persisting measles virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children with autism spectrum disorder. Pediatrics. 2006 Oct;118(4):1664-75.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17015560
Doja, A., & Roberts, W. (2006).
Immunizations and autism: A review of the literature. The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 33(4), 341-346.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17168158
Elliman, D., Bedford, H.
MMR: where are we now? Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2007 Dec;92(12):1055-7. Epub 2007 Jul 11.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2066086/
Farrington, C., Miller, E., & Taylor, B. (2001).
MMR and autism: further evidence against a causal association. Vaccine,
19(27), 3632-3635.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11395196
Fitzpatrick, M.
The end of the road for the campaign against MMR. British Journal of General Practice. 2007 Aug;57(541):679.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17688775
Fombonne, E., & Chakrabarti, S. (2001).
No evidence for a new variant of measles-mumps-rubella–induced autism. Pediatrics,
108(4), e58-e58.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11581466
Fombonne, E., Zakarian, R., Bennett, A., Meng, L., & McLean-Heywood, D. (2006).
Pervasive developmental disorders in Montreal, Quebec, Canada: Prevalence and links with immunizations.
Pediatrics 118(1) e139-e150; doi:10.1542/peds.2005-2993.
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/118/1/e139
García-Fernández, L., Hernández, AV., Suárez Moreno, V., Fiestas, F.
Addressing the controversy regarding the association between thimerosal-containing vaccines and autism. Revista Peruana de Medicine Experimental Salud Publica. 2013 Apr;30(2):268-74.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23949514
Gentile,
I., Bravaccio, C., Bonavolta, R., Zappulo, E., Scarica, S., Riccio,
MP., Settimi, A., Portella, G., Pascotta, A., Borgia, G.
Response to measles-mumps-rubella vaccine in children with autism spectrum disorders. In Vivo 2013 May-Jun;27(3):377-82.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23606694
Glasper, EA.
New evidence reaffirms the safety of the MMR vaccine. British Journal of Nursing. 2002 Jun 27-Jul 10;11(12):794.
http://www.internurse.com/cgi-bin/go.pl/library/article.cgi?uid=10298;article=BJN_11_12_794_0
Halsey, NA., Hyman, SL.
Measles-mumps-rubella
vaccine and autistic spectrum disorder: report from the New Challenges
in Childhood Immunizations Conference convened in Oak Brook, Illinois. June 12-13, 2000. Pediatrics. 2001 May;107(5):E84.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11331734
Hayney MS.
Vaccine Safety: no link between thimerosal and autism.
Journal of American Pharmacists Association. 2003. 2004 Nov-Dec;44(6):725-6.
http://japha.org/article.aspx?articleid=1039011
Hertz-Picciotto, I., Green, P., Delwiche, L., Hansen, R., Walker, C., & Pessah, I. (2010).
Blood mercury concentrations in CHARGE Study children with and without autism. Environmental Health Perspectives,
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20056569
Hensley, E. Briars, L.
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Journal of American Pharmacist’s Association. 2003. 2010 Nov-Dec;50(6):736-41. doi: 10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10004.
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Heron, J., Golding, J., ALSPAC Study Team.
Thimerosal
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study in the United Kingdom does not support a causal association. Pediatrics. 2004 Sep;114(3):577-83.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15342824
Hessel, L.
Mercury in vaccines. Bulletin of the National Academy of Medicine. 2003;187(8):1501-10.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15146581
Hiroshi, T., Suzumura, S., Shirakizawa, F., Wada, N., Tanaka-Taya, K., Arai, S., Okabe, N., Ichikawa, H., Sato, T.
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Honda, H., Shimizu, Y., & Rutter, M. (2005).
No effect of MMR withdrawal on the incidence of autism: a total population study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 46(6), doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01425.x.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15877763
Hornig,
M., Briese, T., Bule, T., Bauman, M.L., Lauwers, G., Siemetzki, U.,
Hummel, K., Rota, PA., Bellini, WJ., O’Leary, JJ., Sheils, O., Alden,
E., Pickering, L., Lipkin, W.I.
Lack of association between measles virus vaccine and autism with enteropathy: a case-control study. 2008.
PLoS One, 3(9), e3140. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003140.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18769550
Hurley, A., Tadrous, M., Miller, ES.
Thimerosal-containing vaccines and autism: a review of recent epidemiological studies. Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2010 Jul-Sep; 15(3): 173-181.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3018252/
Hviid A., Stellfeld, M., Wohlfahrt, J., Melbye, M.
Association between thimerosal-containing vaccine and autism - No causal relationship found. JAMA. 2003 Oct 1;290(13):1763-6.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14519711
Insitute of Medicine (US) Immunization Safety Review Committee.
Immunization Safety Review: Vaccines and Autisms. Washington (DC):
National Academies Press (US); 2004.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20669467
Iqbal, S., Barile, JP., Thompson, WW., DeStefano, F.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23847024
Jefferson,
T., Price, D., Demicheli, V., Bianco, E., European Research Program for
Improved Safety Surveillance (EUSAFEVAC) Project.
Unintended events following immunization with MMR: a systematic review. Vaccine. 2003 Sep 8;21(25-26):3954-60.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12922131
Jick, H., Kaye, JA.
Epidemiology and possible causes of autism. Pharmacotherapy. 2003 Dec;23(12):1524-30.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14695031
Kaye, J. A., del Mar Melero-Montes, M., & Jick, H.
Mumps, measles, and rubella vaccine and the incidence of autism recorded by general practitioners: a time trend analysis. 2001.
British Medical Journal,
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Klein, K. C., & Diehl, E. B.
Relationship between MMR vaccine and autism. 2004. Annals of Pharmacotherapy,
38(7-8), 1297-1300.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15173555
Kuwaik, GA., Roberts, W., Zwaigenbaum, L., Bryson, S., Smith, IM., Szatmari, P., Modi, BM., Tanel, N., Brian, J.
Immunization uptake in younger siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism. 2014 Feb;18(2):148-55. doi: 10.1177/1362361312459111. Epub 2012 Oct 8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23045216
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Lingam, R., Simmons, A., Andrews, N., Miller, E., Stowe, J., & Taylor, B. (2003).
Prevalence of autism and parentally reported triggers in a North-east London population. Archives of Disease in Childhood,
88(8), 666-670.
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Madsen, K.K., Hviid, A., Vestergaard, M., Schendel, D., Wohlfahrt, J., Thorsen, P., Olsen, J., Melbye, M.
A population-based study of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination and autism. 2002.
The New England Journal of Medicine, 347(19), 1477-82.
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Madsen KM., Hviid, A., Vestergaard, M., Schendel, D., Wohlfahrt, J., Thorsen, P., Olsen, J. Melbye, M.
MMR vaccination and autism--a population-based follow-up study. Ugeskr Laeger. 2002. Dec 2;164(49):5741-4.
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Madsen, K.M., Lauritsen, M.B., Pedersen, C.B., Thorsen, P., Plesner, A.M., Andersen, P.H. & Mortensen, P.B.
Thimerosal and the occurrence of autism: negative ecological evidence from Danish population-based data. 2003.
Pediatrics, 112, 604-606. doi: 10.1542/peds.112.3.204
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12949291
Madsen, KM. Vestergaard, M.
MMR and Autism: what is the evidence for a causal association? Drug Safety. 2004;27(12):831-40.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15366972
Makela, A., Nuorti, J., & Peltola, H. (2002).
Neurologic disorders after measles-mumps-rubella vaccination. Pediatrics,
110(5), 957-963.
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Use
of combination measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine:
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(ACIP). MMWR Recommendations and Reports. 2010 May 7;59(RR-3):1-12.
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US Report finds no link between MMR and autism. British Medical Journal. May 5, 2001; 322(7294): 1083.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder: No causal relationship with vaccines. Paediatric Child Health 2007;12(5):393-5.
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Meadows, M.
IOM Report: no link between vaccines and autism. FDA Consumer. 2004 Sep-Oct;38(5):18-9.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19054269
Miller, E.
Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and the development of autism - epidemiologic evidence against such an association is compelling. Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2003 Jul;14(3):199-206.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12913832
Miller, E., Andrews, N., Grant, A., Stowe, J., Taylor, B.
No evidence of an association between MMR vaccine and gait disturbance. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2005. Mar;90(3):292-6.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15723921
Miller, L., Reynolds J.
Autism and vaccination – the current evidence.
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Peltola, H., Patja, A., Leinikki, P., Valle, M., Davidkin, I., & Paunio, M.
No
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Prenatal and infant exposure to thimerosal from vaccines and immunoglobulins and risk of autism. 2010.
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Is there a ‘regressive phenotype’ of Autism Spectrum Disorder associated with the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine? A CPEA Study.
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36(3), 299-316.
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Schechter, R., Grether, JK.
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Schultz, ST.
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Shevell, M.,Fombonne, E.
Autism and MMR vaccination or thimerosal exposure: an urban legend? Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. 2006 Nov;33(4):339-40.
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MMR vaccination and pervasive developmental disorders: a case-control study.
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On-time vaccine receipt in the first year does not adversely affect neuropsychological outcomes. Pediatrics. 2010.
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Singh, VK. Rivas, WH.
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of antinuclear and antilaminin antibodies in autistic children who
received thimerosal-containing vaccines - mercury as in
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phenomenon in autism. Journal of Biomedical Science. 2004 Sep-Oct;11(5):607-10.
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